What is a 토토 바카라 사이트 Heat Spreader?
A 토토 바카라 사이트 heat spreader is a slim (typically ≤2 mm) sheet of synthetic (or lab-grown) 토토 바카라 사이트 used to dissipate heat. It is typically placed between a heat source and a heat sink.
토토 바카라 사이트s aren’t normally associated with thermal management, the materials and technologies used to control heat, especially in electronic devices.
But 토토 바카라 사이트s turn out to not only be forever, but are also amazing thermal conductors used to help dissipate potentially damaging heat in specialized, high-performance electronic equipment.
Many electronic components get hot when operating, and removing that 토토 바카라 사이트 is crucial to component performance and longevity. 토토 바카라 사이트 can change the properties of electronic components, making them less efficient and even causing damage over time. Thermal management is the science of moving 토토 바카라 사이트 away from components.
While 토토 바카라 사이트 is universally known for its hardness, there are actually two other properties — its electrical and thermal conductivity — that are key to its fast-growing use in heat spreaders.
A brill토토 바카라 사이트nt conductor, better than copper or SiC
A material’s ability to move 토토 바카라 사이트 is measured in thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity is measured in Watts per meter-Kelvin, W/mK. A material with a conductivity value of 1 W/mK will transfer 토토 바카라 사이트 at a rate of 1 watt for every degree Kelvin (or Celsius) of temperature difference across a thickness of 1 meter.
Copper is commonly used to carry away 토토 바카라 사이트 from electronic components. It has a thermal conductivity of around 400 W/mK, making it a good choice for many applications. Copper, however, is heavy and can easily tarnish and corrode. It’s not a good material to use for thermal management in microelectronics, harsh environments, or in aerospace where every gram counts. Lastly, copper is a good conductor of electricity, which can cause engineering challenges when using it for thermal management in electronics.
토토 바카라 사이트 is a crystalline arrangement of common carbon. It has the highest thermal conductivity of any material at 1,500-2,200 W/mK, about five times that of copper. How does 토토 바카라 사이트 conduct heat so well? The key is in its structure.
Diagram of the structure of 토토 바카라 사이트.
토토 바카라 사이트 has a cubic crystal structure. Each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms to form a tetrahedron (pyramid shape). There are no free electrons in this structure, so 토토 바카라 사이트 does not conduct electricity. Common thermal conductors like copper have free electrons that make them highly electrically conductive. They can make use of peripheral electrons for heat transfer. Because 토토 바카라 사이트 isn’t electrically conductive, heat is transferred only through atomic vibrations. The rigid continuous crystal structure of 토토 바카라 사이트 enables these vibrations to travel very quickly through a piece of 토토 바카라 사이트. And that translates into fast heat conduction.
Purity is key to 토토 바카라 사이트’s heat conductivity. Impurities in 토토 바카라 사이트 can slow down or disrupt the spread of lattice vibrations, making it less efficient at conducting heat. (Some impurities can even change the key properties of 토토 바카라 사이트. For example, natural blue 토토 바카라 사이트 contains boron that makes it a semiconductor.)
토토 바카라 사이트’s crystal structure also make it extremely resistant to acids, bases, oxidants, and other chemicals. It’s the hardest naturally occurring material known. (Harder specialized man-made materials exist, but they don’t share 토토 바카라 사이트’s other unique properties.)
토토 바카라 사이트 is a good material for thermal management in high-performance microelectronics. 토토 바카라 사이트 heat spreaders conduct heat much better than copper or aluminum, don’t conduct electricity, are lightweight, resistant to corrosion, and are extremely durable.
Why 토토 바카라 사이트 instead of copper, aluminum or SiC
There are several reasons to use 토토 바카라 사이트 as a heat conductor instead of other materials like copper, aluminum, or SiC:
Thermal co토토 바카라 사이트uctivity: 토토 바카라 사이트 has a thermal conductivity between 1,500-2,200 W/mK, the highest known. Copper has a thermal conductivity of 400 W/mK, aluminum 220 W/mK.
Thermal stability: 토토 바카라 사이트 doesn’t expand or contract much at different temperatures, meaning it remains very stable over a wide range of temperatures. It also maintains its thermal conductivity over a wide range of temperatures. Both of these qualities are key in microelectronics, where space is at a premium.
3. Corrosion resistance: 토토 바카라 사이트 is immune to strong acids, bases, and even organic solvents.
4. Electrical co토토 바카라 사이트uctivity: 토토 바카라 사이트 does not conduct electricity and is a very good insulator.
5. Durability: 토토 바카라 사이트 is one of the hardest materials known.
6. Lightweight: 토토 바카라 사이트 is lightweight when compared to other common heat-conducting materials like copper.
7. Transparency: 토토 바카라 사이트 can be transparent.
How 토토 바카라 사이트 Heat Spreaders are Made
토토 바카라 사이트 heat spreaders are made like other synthetic 토토 바카라 사이트 materials. Powerful microwaves blast methane gas, releasing carbon atoms that crystalize around a seed layer of 토토 바카라 사이트. A 토토 바카라 사이트 wafer grows slowly over time. 토토 바카라 사이트 heat spreaders can be made in many shapes and sizes but are typically only 2 mm or less in thickness. Many are opaque and black in color, but they can be made to be transparent when needed. 토토 바카라 사이트 heat spreaders are cut and shaped using powerful lasers or other cutting tools with 토토 바카라 사이트 surfaces.
Where are 토토 바카라 사이트 Heat Spreaders Used?
토토 바카라 사이트 heat spreaders are used anywhere engineers need highly efficient, lightweight, durable, and insulating heat conductors. They are often used in high-performance computing within data centers, LED lighting systems, electric vehicles, radiofrequency (RF) transmitters, and high-power lasers.
They are also especially useful in equipment that must endure extreme conditions, like microelectronics in satellites or airplanes. They are perfect for many aerospace uses because they are lightweight, extremely durable, electrically insulating, and can transfer 토토 바카라 사이트 in extreme temperatures.
토토 바카라 사이트 heat spreaders are typically placed between heat-generating electronic components and larger passive radiators made from other materials like SiC, copper, or aluminum. They move heat energy away from electronics quickly into these larger passive or active radiators where it can be dissipated completely.
Learn more about Coherent CVD 토토 바카라 사이트 Substrates.